THE CONSTITUTIONAL LAW OF ST. MAARTEN
According to constitutional law it is simple and difficult at the same time
The following is simple:
Section 33 Constitution of St. Maarten:
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HET STAATSRECHT VAN SINT MAARTEN
Staatsrechtelijk is het simpel en moeilijk tegelijk
Op de Naar mijn mening-pagina is vandaag een stukje geplaatst naar aanleiding van de recente (staatsrechtelijke) ontwikkelingen in Sint Maarten.
Karel Frielink
(14 oktober 2015)
.
Ps (16 October 2015)
The second Vice President of Parliament Hon. Cornelius de Weever, on Thursday, 15th October, has sent a letter to the Members of Parliament (MPs) requesting additional information with respect to a convocation for an urgent meeting of the House of Parliament.
I have taken note of your Convocation for an urgent meeting of Parliament …
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DOING BUSINESS IN THE DUTCH CARIBBEAN
Invest Dutch Kingdom
“Invest Dutch Kingdom ” is a collaborative effort between the four countries of the Dutch Kingdom with the aim of providing useful information about investment opportunities within the Kingdom. The website offers key insights into the economies of these dynamic countries, making it easier for companies to identify avenues for establishing a new business, branching out to the Dutch Kingdom or actively trading within or via the countries. For more information click on:
And if you need any legal advice regarding the …
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LEZING NIEUW VENNOOTSCHAPSRECHT SINT MAARTEN
Nieuw Boek 2 BW en nieuw personenvennootschapsrecht
Op verzoek van de Orde van Advocaten te Sint Maarten heb ik op 21 mei 2014 in de Flamboyantzaal van het Courthouse te Sint Maarten een lezing gegeven voor de rechterlijke macht en de advocatuur. De lezing ging over enkele van de wetswijzigingen die in Sint Maarten op 1 april 2014 van kracht zijn geworden.
Er is een herzien Boek 2 Burgerlijk Wetboek (Rechtspersonen) ingevoerd en een nieuwe regeling inzake de personenvennootschappen. Mijn verhaal is hier te lezen.
Karel Frielink (advocaat)
(30 mei 2014)
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FIRST SET OF SINT MAARTEN LAWS TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH
Available online
37 organic laws of St. Maarten stemming from the Constitution, the explanatory memorandum to the Constitution and a glossary have been translated into British English. All translated legislations are now available on the government’s website along with the Dutch version.
The English translations are not binding in court. The original (Dutch) version of the laws will be used and referred to in court cases as Dutch is the official language used by the court. British English was used for the translations as it is the same as used by the Council of Ministers.
Prime Minister Sarah …
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DE ENE ADVOCAAT IS DE ANDERE NIET
En het ene kantoor is het andere niet…
Je moet werken vanuit je eigen identiteit en overtuiging. Dat kunnen we vandaag lezen in een interview met Mark van Eck van Business Openers in Advocatie.nl. Een kantoor dat werkt vanuit wat dat kantoor uniek maakt, waarin het zich dus onderscheidt van andere kantoren, is meer succesvol. De kern van zijn boodschap is dat je moet werken vanuit je eigen kracht, ofwel: doe waar je goed in bent. En hij bedoelt werken, niet alleen maar praten, en al helemaal niet praten over je concurrenten, laat staan negatief. Volgens Van …
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INDEPENDENT SUPERVISORY BOARD IN ST. MAARTEN
Should be mandatory for government-owned entities
Under the laws of St. Maarten, the main task of a board of supervisory directors is to supervise the board of managing directors of a limited liability company (NV or BV).
The St. Maarten Corporate Code provides for two different kinds of boards of supervisory directors, a “regular” board of supervisory directors and the so-called “independent” board of supervisory directors (Section 2:139 Civil Code). Within this context the word independent means that the supervisory directors are independent of the shareholders, interest groups (“belangengroepen”) and to a certain extent from the shareholders’ meeting.
An independent …
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LIFTING THE CORPORATE VEIL IN ARUBA
Only under exceptional circumstances
In terms of “piercing the corporate veil” and shareholders’ liability, the laws of the Netherlands and Aruba are nearly identical. As far as a tort matter concerns the laws of Aruba, Dutch case-law and Dutch legal literature should be considered as well.
In exceptional cases shareholders of an Aruba company can be liable for the company’s debts and obligations. Generally, two grounds for such liability are mentioned: a tort (onrechtmatige daad) committed by the shareholder and an “alter ego” situation (vereenzelviging) as regards the shareholder and his company. Under Aruba law, both can be categorized under …
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REGULATORY LAWS IN THE BES ISLANDS
There are three regulators
According to the Dutch Central Bank (“DCB”), financial institutions must be sound, reliable and stable to ensure confidence among businesses, consumers and others. DCB states on its website: “In addition to making certain their customers are properly informed about their products and services, these institutions also have a duty of care towards their customers. The financial services industry should also give a high priority to integrity and should never be used for money laundering, terrorist financing, fraud, corruption or other illegal activities. Finally, the market should function properly and there should be adequate market access, with …
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THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION OF A CURAÇAO COMPANY (II)
Articles determine the nature of the company
A company’s articles of association determine the nature of the company (take for example the description of the purpose), regulate the internal competences (e.g. dismissal and appointment), limit the powers (e.g. decisions requiring approval), determine the internal responsibilities (e.g. drawing up the annual report and accounts), regulate the external powers (who represents the company in law), determine the method of decision-making, etc. As indicated above: the articles of association are somewhat comparable with the constitution or the state regulations of a country. The articles of association are therefore essential to the proper functioning …
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ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING LAWS IN CURACAO
Money laundering is prohibited
Title XXXI of the Penal Code of Curaçao basically prohibits any type of money laundering.
The National Ordinance on the Reporting of Unusual Transactions (NORUT) obliges service providers acting in the course of a business or profession, to report unusual transactions.
The National Ordinance on Identification of clients when Rendering Services (NOIS) requires any service provider who is acting in the course of a profession or business, to establish the identity of a customer before providing any “financial” service.
Generally, these Ordinances apply when services are conducted in or from Curaçao. If a foreign financial institution does …
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IMPACT OF THE LIABILITY TO THE DIRECTOR OF THE DIRECTOR (II)
2nd degree director as director of a foreign corporate director
It appears from the 2011 ruling referred to by the Supreme Court that Section 2:11 of the Dutch Civil Code is applicable to the joint and several liability of a director of a Dutch legal entity being a director of another Dutch legal entity. The Supreme Court confirmed this doctrine again in clear wording in its decision of 21 June 2013.
The conclusion is as follows:
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