Liability of the 2nd degree director Under Section 2:17 subsection 1 of the Curaçao Civil Code, the liability of a legal entity as a director of another legal entity (the direct or 1st degree director) also rests jointly and severally on each person who at the time this liability arose for the legal entity was… Continue reading IMPACT OF THE LIABILITY TO THE DIRECTOR OF THE DIRECTOR (I)
Category: Corporate
DIRECTORS’ LIABILITY IN CURACAO
Quasi-director may be held liable too The members of the board of managing directors are personally and severally liable towards the limited liability company (NV or BV) for any loss caused by the improper performance of duties. Each member of the board who proves that he cannot be blamed for such improper performance and that… Continue reading DIRECTORS’ LIABILITY IN CURACAO
A CURACAO COMPANY WITH NEGATIVE EQUITY AND FINANCIAL SUPPORT
Restrictions for providing financial support to a party acquiring shares in its capital? A company cannot purchase its own shares if it has a negative equity capital or when this equity capital becomes negative by purchasing them, whereby the nominal capital applies as the lower limit (Section 2:114 subsection 2 of the Curaçao Civil Code… Continue reading A CURACAO COMPANY WITH NEGATIVE EQUITY AND FINANCIAL SUPPORT
THE INDEPENDENT SUPERVISORY BOARD IN CURACAO
Should be mandatory for government-owned entities Under the laws of Curaçao, the main task of a board of supervisory directors is to supervise the board of managing directors of a limited liability company (NV or BV). The Corporate Code provides for two different kinds of boards of supervisory directors, a “regular” board of supervisory directors… Continue reading THE INDEPENDENT SUPERVISORY BOARD IN CURACAO
THE REPAYMENT OF SHARE PREMIUM IN CURACAO
Net equity may not be or become negative From the legal point of view in Curaçao, share premium (’agio’) forms part of the company’s free reserves (Curaçao law does not provide for statutory reserves), and does not qualify as share capital. If share premium is to be repaid, the company’s financial condition should at the… Continue reading THE REPAYMENT OF SHARE PREMIUM IN CURACAO
BEARER SHARES IN A CURACAO COMPANY
Registered shares must be issued first According to the Curaçao act on corporate law (Book 2 Curaçao Civil Code) it is not possible to (directly) issue bearer shares. A company with only bearer shares has no shareholders’ register. Only a public limited liability company (NV) may issue bearer shares, provided that registered shares be issued… Continue reading BEARER SHARES IN A CURACAO COMPANY
ENQUETEPROCEDURE OVERHEIDSVENNOOTSCHAPPEN CURACAO
Behandeling bij het Gemeenschappelijk Hof van Justitie Op 5 juni 2013 heeft bij het Gemeenschappelijk Hof van Justitie van Aruba, Curaçao en Sint Maarten en van Bonaire, Sint Eustatius en Saba de behandeling plaatsgevonden van het verzoek van het Openbaar Ministerie om een enquête op grond van het Burgerlijk Wetboek van Curacao te gelasten naar… Continue reading ENQUETEPROCEDURE OVERHEIDSVENNOOTSCHAPPEN CURACAO
CROSS BORDER CONVERSION AND MERGER (part 10)
Legal entities under supervision So far we have only looked at legal entities not under the supervision of the Central Bank of Curacao and St. Maarten (CBCS). Just a few words about institutions that are under supervision. The following applies to banks with a registered seat in Curacao for instance. These entities have a license… Continue reading CROSS BORDER CONVERSION AND MERGER (part 10)
CROSS BORDER CONVERSION AND MERGER (part 9)
The cross-border merger We now look at the cross-border legal merger. Before 1 January 2012 the possibility already existed in Curacao that in connection with a merger, a foreign legal entity as the disappearing legal entity could merge with a comparable legal form of Book 2 of the Civil Code on the condition that the… Continue reading CROSS BORDER CONVERSION AND MERGER (part 9)
CROSS BORDER CONVERSION AND MERGER (part 8)
Changes in Curacao as of 1 January 2012 The most important amendment in the Curacao provision with regard to the conversion of an NV or BV into a foreign legal entity (outbound) is that the requirement of the personal notice of liability by managing directors and shareholders has been removed as from 1 January 2012… Continue reading CROSS BORDER CONVERSION AND MERGER (part 8)
CROSS BORDER CONVERSION AND MERGER (part 7)
The conversion of or into a foundation If a foreign legal entity wants to be converted into a Curacao foundation (inbound) the Court in Curacao must grant consent (Section 2:303 subsection 2 of the Civil Code). I was unable to find any explanation of this in the Explanatory Memorandums of Book 2 of the Civil… Continue reading CROSS BORDER CONVERSION AND MERGER (part 7)
CROSS BORDER CONVERSION AND MERGER (part 6)
The conversion under the law of Curacao Back to Curacao and the doctrine of conversion. I only intend to discuss several aspects of this. The conversion has been provided for in Sections 2:300 et seq. of the Civil Code. The conversion of a foreign legal entity into a Curacao entity has been provided for in… Continue reading CROSS BORDER CONVERSION AND MERGER (part 6)