Net equity may not be or become negative From the legal point of view in Netherlands Antilles, share premium (’agio’) forms part of the company’s free reserves, and does not qualify as share capital. If share premium is to be repaid, the company’s financial condition should at the time allow for it, i.e. the net… Continue reading THE REPAYMENT OF SHARE PREMIUM IN THE NETHERLANDS CARIBBEAN
Tag: civil code
AGENCY AND DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENTS IN THE NETHERLANDS CARIBBEAN (II)
Distribution agreement So-called agency agreements frequently bear resemblance in actual practice, to (certain aspects of) distribution agreements. Hence, so-called ‘agency agreements’ are in actual fact not infrequently mixed type agreements, consisting of an agent and a distribution element. In general, a distributor buys goods from a principal in his own name and for his own… Continue reading AGENCY AND DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENTS IN THE NETHERLANDS CARIBBEAN (II)
AGENCY AND DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENTS IN THE NETHERLANDS CARIBBEAN (I)
Commercial Agency Agreement According to Section 7:428, Paragraph 1, of the Netherlands Antilles Civil Code, a commercial agency contract (agentuurovereenkomst) is a contract for services whereby one party, the principal, instructs the other party, the commercial agent, and whereby the latter binds himself, for a fixed or indeterminate term and for remuneration, to act as… Continue reading AGENCY AND DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENTS IN THE NETHERLANDS CARIBBEAN (I)
UNLAWFUL ACTS UNDER ARUBAN LAW
Several requirements apply Article 6:162 section 1 of the Aruba Civil Code (Aruba CC) stipulates four conditions for someone’s obligation to compensate damage based on an unlawful act (tort): A person has committed an unlawful act (‘onrechtmatige daad’) against another person; and The act can be attributed (‘toegerekend’) to that person; and Some other person… Continue reading UNLAWFUL ACTS UNDER ARUBAN LAW
THE ANNUAL ACCOUNTS OF LARGE DUTCH CARIBBEAN COMPANIES
Stricter rules for large companies Under Netherlands Antilles law the annual accounts of limited liability companies which do not qualify as so called large companies, need to be prepared in accordance with generally accepted standards and shall provide sufficient insight as to enable a sound judgment to be formed regarding the assets and the results… Continue reading THE ANNUAL ACCOUNTS OF LARGE DUTCH CARIBBEAN COMPANIES
CONVERSION OF A DUTCH CARIBBEAN LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY
An NV may be converted into a BV and vice versa The Netherlands Antilles Civil Code provides for an NV to be converted into a BV and vice versa. Conversion does not terminate the existence of the legal entity. Conversion requires a resolution. A resolution to convert and to amend the articles has to be… Continue reading CONVERSION OF A DUTCH CARIBBEAN LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY
TRANSACTIONAL POWER OF THE MANAGING BOARD OF A DUTCH CARIBBEAN CORPORATION (II)
Only corporations may plead absence of representative authority Under the Netherlands Antilles Corporate Code, i.e. Book 2 of the Civil Code, transactions with third parties that violate either the law or any limitations on the transactional powers of the board of directors of a corporation, are not enforceable against the corporation if the limitations are… Continue reading TRANSACTIONAL POWER OF THE MANAGING BOARD OF A DUTCH CARIBBEAN CORPORATION (II)
WHAT DAMAGES ARE RECOVERABLE UNDER ARUBAN LAW? (II)
Case law The Supreme Court in its case law has held that relatives of a deceased person are only entitled to sue for damages against the person liable for his or her death, if and to the extent that their death has left them in need. The extent of need is measured by the standard… Continue reading WHAT DAMAGES ARE RECOVERABLE UNDER ARUBAN LAW? (II)
WHAT DAMAGES ARE RECOVERABLE UNDER ARUBAN LAW? (I)
Nature and extent determined by the Civil Code When considering the nature and extent of damages that are recoverable under Aruban law, the point of departure is Book 6, Title 1 (Obligations in General), Section 10 (Legal Obligations to Make Reparation of Damage), Article 95 of the Aruban Civil Code which states: ‘the damage which… Continue reading WHAT DAMAGES ARE RECOVERABLE UNDER ARUBAN LAW? (I)
RIGHT OF SET-OFF UNDER DUTCH CARIBBEAN LAW
One of the most modern regimes in the world The legal concept of set-off may be defined as setting cross-claims off against each other to produce a single balance. For instance, if A were to have a claim against B for a sum of money, and B would have a cross-claim against A for a… Continue reading RIGHT OF SET-OFF UNDER DUTCH CARIBBEAN LAW
GENERAL CONDITIONS UNDER THE LAWS OF THE DUTCH CARIBBEAN
General conditions may be nullified Since 1 January 2001 the Civil Code (CC) of Aruba and the Netherlands Antilles contains a section on general terms and conditions. By including this section in the CC the legislator tried to strengthen judicial supervision of the terms of general conditions in order to protect contracting parties against the… Continue reading GENERAL CONDITIONS UNDER THE LAWS OF THE DUTCH CARIBBEAN
THE LAWS OF TORT IN THE DUTCH CARIBBEAN
Unlawful acts and damage Section 6:162 paragraph 1 Netherlands Antilles Civil Code (NACC) stipulates four conditions for someone’s obligation to compensate damage based on an unlawful act (tort): A person has committed an unlawful act (onrechtmatige daad) against another person (the victim); and the act can be attributed (toegerekend) to that person; and the victim… Continue reading THE LAWS OF TORT IN THE DUTCH CARIBBEAN